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'''Sustainable forestry'''  
 
'''Sustainable forestry'''  
  
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Die weltweit agierenden Forstzertifizierungssysteme FSC und PEFC haben zwei verschiedene Standardtypen: (1) den Forst-Management Standard (FM) für die Art der Waldbewirtschaftung und (2) den COC-Standard, der sicherstellen soll, dass entlang der Verarbeitungskette nicht mehr Holzprodukte mit dem Forstlabel vermarktet werden, als dafür erforderlicher Rohstoff bezogen worden ist. Beide Systeme bieten dabei unterschiedliche Modelle innerhalb des COC-Standards an, einerseits das Modell der physischen Trennung von zertifiziertem und nicht zertifiziertem Material, andererseits Mengengewichtete Modelle wie die Prozentsatzmethode und das Credit Modell. Nur im Falle der physischen Trennung wäre eine physische Identität von Holz in einem zertifizierten Produkt mit Holz aus zertifizierten Wäldern gewährleistet. In der Praxis ist eine solche Garantie nicht (sehr selten) gegeben, weil bereits in den ersten Stufen der Verarbeitung überwiegend mengengewichtete Modelle eingesetzt werden.  
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The globally operating forest certification systems FSC and PEFC have two different types of standards: (1) the Forest Management Standard (FM) for the type of forest management and (2) the COC standard, which is intended to ensure that no more wood products with the forest label are marketed along the processing chain than the number of raw materials required for this purpose. Both systems offer different models within the COC Standard, on the one hand the model of physical separation of certified and non-certified material, on the other hand quantity weighted models such as the percentage method and the credit model. Only in case of physical segregation would a physical identity of wood in a certified product with wood from certified forests be guaranteed. In practice, such a guarantee is not (very rarely) given because already in the first stages of processing, volume-weighted models are predominantly used.  
  
  
 
{|class="wikitable sortable"
 
{|class="wikitable sortable"
 
! data-sort-type=|Label
 
! data-sort-type=|Label
−
! |Holz aus nachhaltiger Forstwirtschaft
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! |Wood from sustainable forestry
 
|-
 
|-
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|Blauer Engel||50% des Holzes soll aus nachhaltiger Waldwirtschaft stammen, der Rest aus legalen Quellen gemäß der EUTR.   
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|Blauer Engel||50% of the wood should come from sustainable forest management, the rest from legal sources according to the EUTR.   
 
|-
 
|-
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|EPEA|| gefordert wird bei Cradle-To-Cradle Holz „aus nachhaltiger Bewirtschaftung“, wobei die Art der Nachweise und der Prozentanteil aus der Label Webseite nicht ermittelt werden konnten.   
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|EPEA|| Cradle-To-Cradle wood "from sustainable management" is required, whereby the type of proof and the percentage could not be determined from the label website.   
 
|-
 
|-
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|EU ecolabel||(1) 70% Anteil aus nachhaltigen Quellen bei Massivholz, (2) 40% bei Holzwerkstoffen.
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|EU ecolabel||(1) 70% share from sustainable sources for solid wood, (2) 40% for wood-based materials
 
|-
 
|-
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|FSC||der Anteil varieiert von einem beliebigen Anteil in FSC mix und FSC controled Wood bis zu 100% in FSC pur.
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|FSC||the proportion varies from any proportion in FSC mix and FSC controlled wood up to 100% in FSC pure
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|HOLZ VON HIER|| 100% Mengenanteil des Holzes in zertifizierten Produkten muss aus nachhaltiger Waldwirtschaft stammen, nachgewiesen über ein FM-Zertifikat von FSC, PEFC oder gleichwertig.  
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|HOLZ VON HIER|| 100% Quantity of wood used in certified products must come from sustainable forestry, proven by an FM certificate from FSC, PEFC or equivalent.  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|NaturePlus|| Es wird ein Nachweis für die Herkunft des Holzes aus nachhaltiger Waldwirtschaft gefordert, der Anteil ist (unklar aber) vermutlich 100%.
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|NaturePlus|| Proof of the origin of the wood from sustainable forestry is required, the proportion is (unclear but) probably 100%.
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|Nordic Swan|| Mengenanteile variieren zwischen >10%, >50% bis zu >70% je nach Produktstandard.  
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|Nordic Swan|| Proportions vary between >10%, >50% up to >70% depending on the product standard.  
 
|-
 
|-
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|Ö-UZ|| gefordert werden 70% Mindestanteil bei Holzenergie, 50% bei Massivholz, Böden, Möbeln, Außenholz. Keine Angaben für Dämmstoffe.  
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|Ö-UZ|| 70% minimum share for wood energy, 50% for solid wood, floors, furniture, exterior wood. No information for insulation materials.  
 
|-   
 
|-   
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|PEFC|| der Mindestprozentsatz an der gesamtverarbeiteten Menge ist im PEFC Standard festgelegt, das Material muss aus PEFC zertifizierten Wäldern stammen.
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|PEFC|| the minimum percentage of the total quantity processed is specified in the PEFC standard, the material must come from PEFC certified forests
 
|}
 
|}
  
  
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'''Ressourcenschonung'''
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'''Resource saving'''
  
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Der verantwortlich Umgang mit Ressourcen ist heute wichtiger denn je. Wir Europäer verbrauchen etwa doppelt so viele Ressourcen wie wir haben. Die einzigen Ressourcen, die in Europa in großem Umfang nachwachsen, sind Holz und Stroh.  
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The responsible use of resources is more important today than ever. We Europeans consume about twice as many resources as we have. The only resources that are renewable on a large scale in Europe are wood and straw.  
  
  
 
{|class="wikitable sortable"
 
{|class="wikitable sortable"
 
! data-sort-type=|Label
 
! data-sort-type=|Label
−
! |Aspekt der Ressourcenschonung
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! |aspect of resource conservation
 
|-
 
|-
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|Blauer Engel||von den 113 Standards des Blauen Engel beziehen sich 20 auf den Schutz der Ressourcen, dabei keiner im Bereich Bauen und Renovieren und nur 5 von 20 mit Papierprodukten. Hier bedeutet der Claim "Schont die Ressourcen" die Verwendung von Altpapier bzw. Recyclingpapier. Andere Ressourcenaspekte sind nicht im Fokus des "Blauen Engel - Schont die Ressoucren".   
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|Blauer Engel||Of the 113 Blue Angel standards, 20 relate to the protection of resources, none in the area of construction and renovation and only 5 of 20 with paper products. Here the claim "Conserve resources" means the use of waste paper or recycled paper. Other resource aspects are not the focus of the "Blue Angel - Saving Resources".   
 
|-
 
|-
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|EPEA||Das Umweltlabel cradle to cradle (C2C) hat keine spezifischen Kriterien der Ressourcenschonung zum Inhalt. Allerdings entspricht das  Grundkonzept "Eliminierung von Abfall (theoretisch) der Schonung von Ressourcen. Das Kriterium der Materialwiederverwertung ist analog zum Prinzip des Recyclingpapiers beim Blauen Engel zu sehen. (Anmerkung: grundsätzlich ist man in der Praxis der Produktkreisläufe vom natürlichen Vorbild der geschlossenen Kreisläufe weit entfernt).
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|EPEA||The environmental label cradle to cradle (C2C) does not contain any specific criteria for the conservation of resources. However, the basic concept "elimination of waste (in theory) corresponds to the conservation of resources. The criterion of material recycling is to be seen in analogy to the principle of recycled paper at the Blue Angel. (Note: in practice, product cycles are generally far removed from the natural model of closed cycles).  
 
|-
 
|-
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|EU ecolabel||Das EU Ecolabel keine direkten Kriterien zu Ressourcenschutz entwickelt und ist reduziert auf die nachhaltige Gewinnung des Holzes und geringen Energieverbrauch in der Produktion. Der Energieverbrauch in der Produktion wird dabei in der Regel errechnet.
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|EU ecolabel||The EU Ecolabel has not developed any direct criteria for resource protection and is reduced to the sustainable extraction of wood and low energy consumption in production. The energy consumption in production is usually calculated.    
 
|-
 
|-
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|FSC||Die zentrale Aussage des Umweltzeichens FSC ist die nachhaltige Bewirtschaftung des Waldes zur Gewinnung des Rohstoffes Holz. Neben diversen sozialen und umweltrelevanten Anforderungen liegt der Schwerpunkt von FSC somit auf der Schonung der Ressource Holz durch eine Bewirtschaftung, die diese Nutzung auch für nachfolgende Generationen sichern soll.
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|FSC||The central message of the FSC eco-label is the sustainable management of the forest to obtain the raw material wood. In addition to various social and environmental requirements, the focus of FSC is therefore on the conservation of wood as a resource by means of management that is intended to ensure its use for future generations.
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|HOLZ VON HIER||Holz von Hier kennzeichent nachwachsende Rohstffe aus nachhaltig bewirtschafteten Wäldern. Die Trasporte in der Verarbeitungskette und bis zum Kunden sind überdurchschnittlich kurz und schonen dadurch auch Ressourcen.  
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|HOLZ VON HIER||HOLZ VON HIER  is characterized by renewable raw materials from sustainably managed forests. The transports in the processing chain and to the customer are above average short and therefore also save resources.  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|NaturePlus||NaturePlus fordert einen "möglichst hohen" Anteil an nachwachsenden Rohstoffen im Produkt und eine Minimierung des Energieverbrauches.  
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|NaturePlus||NaturePlus demands a "preferably high" proportion of renewable raw materials in the product and a minimisation of energy consumption.  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
|Nordic Swan|| Der Nordic Swan adressiert die Ressourcenschonung eher indirekt. Generell sollen mind. 50% der Materialien erneuerbar sein und bei Holz sollen mind. 30% aus nachhaltig bewirtschafteten Wäldern stammen. Der Energieverbrauch in der Produktion darf einen bestimmten Wert nicht überschreiten und hochkalorische Produktionsabfälle sollen wieder in den energetischen Kreislauf zurückgeführt werden.   
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|Nordic Swan|| The Nordic Swan addresses resource conservation rather indirectly. In general, at least 50% of the materials should be renewable and, in the case of wood, at least 30% should come from sustainably managed forests. Energy consumption in production must not exceed a certain value and high-calorific production waste should be returned to the energy cycle.   
 
|-
 
|-
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|Ö-UZ||Das Österreichische Umweltzeichen hat keine spezifischen Kriterien zur Ressourcenschonung definiert. Bei den Vergabekriterien für Möbel ist definiert als Regelungen für Rohstoffe, die vor allem die Vermeidung gesundheitsbedenklicher Inhaltsstoffe betrifft, sowie umweltfreundliche Produktion, Langlebigkeit und Abfallreduktion sowie Verpackungsaspekte.  
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|Ö-UZ||The Austrian Ecolabel has not defined any specific criteria for the conservation of resources. The award criteria for furniture are defined as regulations for raw materials, which primarily concern the avoidance of ingredients that are hazardous to health, as well as environmentally friendly production, durability and waste reduction, and packaging aspects.  
 
|-   
 
|-   
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|PEFC||Die zentrale Aussage des Umweltzeichens PEFC ist die nachhaltige Bewirtschaftung des Waldes zur Gewinnung des Rohstoffes Holz. Neben verschiedenen Anforderungen liegt der Schwerpunkt auf der Schonung der Ressource Holz durch eine Bewirtschaftung, die diese Nutzung auch für nachfolgende Generationen sichern soll.  
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|PEFC||The central message of the PEFC eco-label is the sustainable management of the forest for the extraction of the raw material wood. In addition to various requirements, the focus is on the conservation of wood as a resource by means of a management system that is intended to safeguard this use for future generations.  
 
|}
 
|}
  
  
  
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'''Klimaschutz'''
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'''climate protection'''
  
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Für Klimaschutzmaßnahmen gibt es in den Lebenszyklusphasen unterschiedliche Ansatzpunkte, entweder in den Vorketten der Herstellung (LC Phase A1,A2, A3, A4) oder in der Nutzungsphase (B) des Produktes.  
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There are different starting points for climate protection measures in the life cycle phases, either in the upstream production chains (LC Phase A1,A2, A3, A4) or in the use phase (B) of the product.  
  
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Klimafreundliche kurze Wege und die damit verbundenen Umweltwirkungen der gesamten Verarbeitungskette "cradle-to-gate" (A2) sowie vom Produktionsort zum Einsatz- oder Verwendungsort "gate-to-customer" (A4) werden durch das Umweltzeichen HOLZ VON HIER erfasst. Die Emissionen aus solchen Transportwegen können bei den heute internationalen Märkten auch für Holzprodukte leicht ein Vielfaches der Gesamtemissionen der Herstellung des Produktes erreichen. Das Umweltlabel Holz von Hier ist hier einzigartig, da es sämtliche Warenströme bis zum Endverwendungsort hin erfasst und bewertet. Der HvhUmweltfootprint erfasst für jedes produekt dabei in Echtzeit klassiche Umweltparameter (z.B. GWP, AP, EP u.a.). (B) Bauprodukte sind in der Nutzungsphase aus energetischer Sicht ‚inert‘, das heißt, in dieser Lebenszyklusphase entstehen keine produktbedingten Emissionen. (C/D) Klimaeffiziente Entsorgung oder Nachnutzung ist ganz wesentlich auch eine Frage des Materials. So hat z.B. PVC erheblich geringere Recyclingquoten als z.B. Altholz. Hier spielt aber auch die mit der Aufbereitung verbundenen Emissionen und Energieaufwendungen eine wichtige Rolle.  
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Climate-friendly short distances and the associated environmental impact of the entire processing chain "cradle-to-gate" (A2) as well as from the production site to the place of use or application "gate-to-customer" (A4) are covered by the eco-label WOOD FROM HERE. In today's international markets, emissions from such transport routes can easily reach many times the total emissions from the manufacture of the product, even for wood products. The ecolabel HOLZ VON HIER is unique in this respect, as it records and evaluates all flows of goods right through to the end use location. The Hvh environmental footprint records classic environmental parameters (e.g. GWP, AP, EP, etc.) for each product in real time. (B) Construction products are 'inert' from an energy point of view in the use phase, i.e. no product-related emissions are produced in this life cycle phase. (C/D) Climate-efficient disposal or re-use is also essentially a question of materials. PVC, for example, has considerably lower recycling rates than waste wood, for example. However, the emissions and energy expenditure associated with processing also play an important role here.  
  
  
 
{|class="wikitable sortable"
 
{|class="wikitable sortable"
 
! data-sort-type=|Label
 
! data-sort-type=|Label
−
! |Vorketten
+
! |pre chains
−
! |Nutzungsphase 
+
! |usage phase
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Blauer Engel|| - || Klimaschutzeffekte bei der "Roten Energie" durch geringeren Energieverbrauch von Eletrogeräten und Lampen im Vergleich zum Durchschnitt    
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|Blauer Engel|| - || Climate protection effects in "red energy" through lower energy consumption of electrical appliances and lamps compared to the average    
 
|-
 
|-
−
|EPEA|| - || Klimaschutzeffekte bei der "Roten Energie" durch geringeren Energieverbrauch von Eletrogeräten und Lampen im Vergleich zum Durchschnitt    
+
|EPEA|| - || Climate protection effects in "red energy" through lower energy consumption of electrical appliances and lamps compared to the average    
 
|-
 
|-
−
|EU ecolabel|| - || Klimaschutzeffekte bei der "Roten Energie" durch geringeren Energieverbrauch von Eletrogeräten und Lampen im Vergleich zum Durchschnitt  
+
|EU ecolabel|| - || Climate protection effects in "red energy" through lower energy consumption of electrical appliances and lamps compared to the average  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|FSC|| - || -     
 
|FSC|| - || -     
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|HOLZ VON HIER|| Klimaschutzeffekte durch kurze Wege cradle-to-gate und gate-to-customer bei der "Grauen Energie" der Vorketen || Anmerkung: Holzbaustoffe sind in der Nutzungsphase inert (verbrauchen selbst keine Energie).  
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|HOLZ VON HIER|| Climate protection effects due to short distances cradle-to-gate and gate-to-customer in the "grey energy" of the prekets || Note: Wood building materials are inert in the use phase (do not consume energy themselves)   
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|NaturePlus|| - || -   
 
|NaturePlus|| - || -   
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|Nordic Swan|| - || Klimaschutzeffekte bei der "Roten Energie" durch geringeren Energieverbrauch von Eletrogeräten und Lampen im Vergleich zum Durchschnitt  
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|Nordic Swan|| - || Climate protection effects in "red energy" through lower energy consumption of electrical appliances and lamps compared to the average  
 
|-
 
|-
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|Ö-UZ|| - || Klimaschutzeffekte bei der "Roten Energie" durch geringeren Energieverbrauch von Eletrogeräten und Lampen im Vergleich zum Durchschnitt  
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|Ö-UZ|| - || Climate protection effects in "red energy" through lower energy consumption of electrical appliances and lamps compared to the average  
 
|-   
 
|-   
 
|PEFC|| - || -  
 
|PEFC|| - || -  
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'''Biodiversität'''
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'''Biodiversity'''
  
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Die internationale Rote Liste von IUCN stuft Arten als gefährdet ein und umfasst z.B. erheblich mehr Baumarten als das CITES Abkommen.  
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The IUCN international Red List classifies species as endangered and includes, for example, considerably more tree species than the CITES Convention.  
  
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"Durch die Förderung der Nachfrage nach einer breiten Palette von Holzarten aus regionaler heimischer Waldwirtschaft werden für die heimischen Bewirtschafter Anreize gesetzt, die Baumartenvielfalt in ihren Wäldern zu bewahren und zu fördern, was wiederum die Basis für eine hohe Vielfalt an begleitenden Tier- und Pflanzenarten bildet" (HVH).  
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"By promoting the demand for a wide range of timber species from regional indigenous forestry, incentives are created for local farmers to preserve and promote the diversity of tree species in their forests, which in turn forms the basis for a high diversity of accompanying animal and plant species" (HVH).  
  
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Holz von hier zeigt in seinem Informationstransfer auf, dass sich weltweite Transporte erheblich auf das Risiko für Biodiversitätsverluset auswirken. Je nach Herkunft sind durch den Transport mehr Arten gefährdet, als durch die Rohstoffgewinnung selbst. Durch die Minimierung der Transporte insbesondere über Langstrecken und aus anderen Ländern oder Kontinenten trägt HOLZ VON HIER zum Schutz der Biodiversität bei.   
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In its transfer of information, HOLZ VON HIER  shows that global transport has a significant impact on the risk of biodiversity loss. Depending on its origin, more species are endangered by transport than by the extraction of the raw material itself. By minimizing the transports, especially over long distances and from other countries or continents, HOLZ VON HIER contributes to the protection of biodiversity.   
  
  
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''Tabelle Biodiversität ''  
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''Table Biodiversity''  
  
 
{|class="wikitable sortable"
 
{|class="wikitable sortable"
 
! data-sort-type=|Label
 
! data-sort-type=|Label
−
! |Biodiversität
+
! |Biodiversity
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Blauer Engel||keine Kriterien
+
|Blauer Engel||no criteria
 
|-
 
|-
−
|EPEA||keine Kriterien 
+
|EPEA||no criteria
 
|-
 
|-
−
|EU ecolabel||keine Kriterien
+
|EU ecolabel||no criteria
 
|-
 
|-
−
|FSC||Keine direkten Kriterien (Standortgerechte Baumartenwahl). Aber indirekt Schutz der Biodiversität durch Schutz vor Raubbau.  
+
|FSC||no direct criteria  (Selection of tree species appropriate to the location). But indirectly protecting biodiversity through protection from overexploitation.  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
|HOLZ VON HIER||Keine Verwendung von Holz von international gefährdeten Baumarten gemäß der internationalen Roten Liste von IUCN. Indirekte Förderung der Artenvielfalt in heimischen Wäldern.  
+
|HOLZ VON HIER||No use of wood from internationally endangered tree species according to the IUCN International Red List. Indirect promotion of biodiversity in native forests.  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
|NaturePlus||Keine Verwendung von Holz von CITES Arten.
+
|NaturePlus||No use of wood from CITES species.
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
|Nordic Swan||keine Kriterien
+
|Nordic Swan||no criteria
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Ö-UZ||keine Kriterien
+
|Ö-UZ||no criteria
 
|-   
 
|-   
−
|PEFC||Keine direkten Kriterien (Standortgerechte Baumartenwahl). Aber indirekt Schutz der Biodiversität durch Schutz vor Raubbau.  
+
|PEFC||no direct criteria  (Selection of tree species appropriate to the location). But indirectly protecting biodiversity through protection from overexploitation.  
 
|}
 
|}
  
  
  
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'''Gültigkeitsdauer der Standards'''
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'''Period of validity of the standards'''
  
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Für die Beurteilung der Aussage von Umweltzeichen hinsichtlich der Umweltwirkung spielt auch die Gültigkeitsdauer von Standards eine Rolle. Produkte oder Unternehmen werden in der Regel für eine bestimmte Zeitspanne zertifiziert, d.h. das Zeichen kann an alle entsprechenden innerhalb der Zeitspanne hergestellten Produkte verliehen werden. Je länger diese Zeitspanne ist, desto weiter können die gesetzten Anforderungen hinter aktuellen technischen Entwicklungen hinterher hinken. Dies ist insbesondere bei Labeln zu Elektrogeräten zu beobachten.
+
The validity period of standards also plays a role in assessing the environmental impact of eco-labels. Products or companies are usually certified for a certain period of time, i.e. the label can be awarded to all corresponding products manufactured within this period. The longer this period of time, the further the requirements set may lag behind current technical developments. This can be observed especially with labels for electrical appliances.
  
  
 
{|class="wikitable sortable"
 
{|class="wikitable sortable"
 
! data-sort-type=|Label
 
! data-sort-type=|Label
−
! |Zahl der Standards bzw. Vergaberichtlinien
+
! |Number of standards or public procurement directives
−
! |Gültigkeitsdauer des Standards, Standardrevision
+
! |Period of validity of the standard, standard revision
−
! |Gültigkeit des Zertifikats, Auditturnus
+
! |Validity of the certificate, audit frequency
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Blauer Engel|| 113 gesamt davon 3 olzprodzukte davon 5 Papier || 2 bis 12 Jahre || 1-mal im Gültigkeitszeitraum Standard   
+
|Blauer Engel|| 113 total thereof 3 timber products thereof 5 paper || 2 to 12 years || 1 time in the validity period Standard   
 
|-
 
|-
−
|EPEA|| 1 || 2 || 1-mal im Gültigkeitszeitraum Standard   
+
|EPEA|| 1 || 2 || 1 time in the validity period Standard   
 
|-
 
|-
−
|EU ecolabel|| vergleichbar mit Blauem Engel || Gültigkeit unbegrenzt bis Änderung des Standards || 1-mal im Gültigkeitszeitraum Standard
+
|EU ecolabel|| comparable to Blue Angel || validity unlimited until change of standard || 1 time in validity period standard
 
|-
 
|-
−
|FSC|| FSC-FM länderspezifisch, FSC mix, FSC controlled wood, FSC 100%, FSC recycling || 5 Jahre || jährlich
+
|FSC|| FSC-FM country specific, FSC mix, FSC controlled wood, FSC 100%, FSC recycling || 5 years
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
|HOLZ VON HIER|| 1 || 5 Jahre || In Echtzeit und Einzelproduktbezogen.  
+
|HOLZ VON HIER|| 1 || 5 years || Real-time and individual product-related.  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
|NaturePlus|| ? || 3 Jahre || 1-mal im Gültigkeitszeitraum Standard
+
|NaturePlus|| ? || 3 years || 1 time in the standard validity period
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
|Nordic Swan|| ? || 3-5 Jahre || 1-mal im Gültigkeitszeitraum Standard
+
|Nordic Swan|| ? || 3-5 years || 1 time in the standard validity period
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Ö-UZ|| ? || 4 Jahre || 1-mal im Gültigkeitszeitraum Standard
+
|Ö-UZ|| ? || 4 years || 1 time in the standard validity period
 
|-   
 
|-   
−
|PEFC|| ähnlich FSC || 5 Jahre || jährlich
+
|PEFC|| similar to FSC || 5 years || annual
 
|}
 
|}
  
  
−
'''Produktgruppenrelevanz'''
+
'''Product group relevance'''
  
−
Nicht jedes Label ist für alle Produktgruppen aus dem Bereich Bauen, Renovieren und Wohnen relevant. Die meisten Umweltzeichen haben hier einen Schwerpunkt. Wichtig ist dies vor allem dann zu beachten, wenn Umweltlabel grundsätzlich breit über unterschiedliche Produktgruppen aufgestellt sind, wie z.B. der Blauer Engel. Zudem gibt es teils Vergabekriterien für bestimmte Produktgruppen, ohne dass es bereits konkrete zertifizierte Produkte aus dem Bereich gibt. In der folgenden Tabelle wird ein Überblick über die betroffenen Produktgruppen gegeben sowie die Zahl der existierenden Produkte, sofern diese aus entsprechenden Webseiten ermittelbar waren.
+
Not every label is relevant for all product groups in the construction, renovation and housing sector. Most of the eco-labels have a focus here. This is particularly important if eco-labels are generally broadly based across different product groups, such as the Blue Angel. In addition, there are sometimes award criteria for certain product groups without there already being specific certified products in the area. The following table provides an overview of the product groups concerned and the number of existing products, insofar as these could be identified from the relevant websites.
  
  
 
{|class="wikitable sortable"
 
{|class="wikitable sortable"
 
! data-sort-type=|Label
 
! data-sort-type=|Label
−
! |Zahl der Produkte allgemein
+
! |Number of products in general
−
! |darunter Produkte aus Holz oder Papier
+
! |including products made of wood or paper
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Blauer Engel|| >14000 || 67 Holzmöbel (v.a. Spanplatte),  
+
|Blauer Engel|| >14000 || 67 wooden furniture (mainly chipboard),  
−
8-9 holzbasierte Platten, 11 Paneele (aus Europa, Russland, Taiwan, Shanghai, Türkei, Afrika, Japan), 6 Zargenprodukte eines Herstellers (keine Türen und Fenster, 2 Pelletproduzenten, 80 Kopierpapiere, 509 Papierprodukte generell , 528 Recyclingpapier, 299 Pappe , 56 Zeitungspapier  
+
8-9 wood-based panels, 11 panels (from Europe, Russia, Taiwan, Shanghai, Turkey, Africa, Japan), 6 frame products from one manufacturer (no doors and windows, 2 pellet manufacturers, 80 copy papers, 509 paper products in general, 528 recycled paper, 299 cardboard, 56 newsprint  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|EPEA|| 490 || 14 Holzprodukte, 6 Papierprodukte
+
|EPEA|| 490 || 14 wood products, 6 paper products
 
|-
 
|-
−
|EU ecolabel|| 774 || keine Holzprodukte, 63 Papierprodukte
+
|EU ecolabel|| 774 || no wood products, 63 paper products
 
|-
 
|-
−
|FSC|| unbekannt || verschiedene Holz- und Papierprodukte
+
|FSC|| unknown || various wood and paper products
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
|HOLZ VON HIER|| mehrere hundert || verschiedene Holzprodukte, Papier, Objekte
+
|HOLZ VON HIER|| several hundred || different wood products, paper, objects
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
|NaturePlus|| 641 || 94 NaWaRo Dämmstoffe, 14 Fußböden
+
|NaturePlus|| 641 || 94 NaWaRo insulation materials, 14 floors
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
|Nordic Swan|| 2.587 Gebäude || 130 Kleingebäude aus Holz
+
|Nordic Swan|| 2,587 buildings || 130 small wooden buildings
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Ö-UZ|| 438 || ca. 43 Holzprodukte, 15 Papierprodukte
+
|Ö-UZ|| 438 || approx. 43 wood products, 15 paper products
 
|-   
 
|-   
−
|PEFC|| unbekannt || verschiedene Holz- und Papierprodukte
+
|PEFC|| unknown || various wood and paper products
 
|}
 
|}

Aktuelle Version vom 28. April 2020, 23:48 Uhr

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considered life cycle stages and environamental aspects


Covered life cycle phases of selected relevant environmental labels , from a EU CaSCo report
Covered environmental impact aspects of selected relevant environmental labels, from a EU CaSCo report

The following environmental labels were included in the evaluations (alphabetically): Blue Angel (blauerengel.de), Cradle to Cradle (epea.com), European Eco-label (eu-ecolabel.de), FSC (fsc.de), HOLZ VON HIER (holz-von-hier.de), NaturePlus (natureplus.org), Nordic Swan (nordic-ecolabel.org), Austrian Eco-label (umweltzeichen.at) and PEFC (pefc.de).

The life cycle phase covered by the respective eco-label: A1 = extraction of raw materials, A2 = transport along the chain of custody, A3 = production, A4 = transport to the construction site, B = use phase, C = subsequent use.

Dark green areas = directly covered by criteria, light green areas = partially, restricted or indirectly covered. Dark blue = directly covered by criteria, light blue = indirect effects or restricted effects.


Responsible sourcing

Sustainable and responsible raw material extraction should be a general requirement for all raw materials and materials used. However, corresponding environmental labels and certificates have so far developed and established themselves almost exclusively in the wood sector. Here, the two global forest certification systems FSC and PEFC are traditionally known. Other labels require corresponding proof for wood from sustainable forestry, albeit in different forms.

Sustainable forestry

The globally operating forest certification systems FSC and PEFC have two different types of standards: (1) the Forest Management Standard (FM) for the type of forest management and (2) the COC standard, which is intended to ensure that no more wood products with the forest label are marketed along the processing chain than the number of raw materials required for this purpose. Both systems offer different models within the COC Standard, on the one hand the model of physical separation of certified and non-certified material, on the other hand quantity weighted models such as the percentage method and the credit model. Only in case of physical segregation would a physical identity of wood in a certified product with wood from certified forests be guaranteed. In practice, such a guarantee is not (very rarely) given because already in the first stages of processing, volume-weighted models are predominantly used.


Label Wood from sustainable forestry
Blauer Engel 50% of the wood should come from sustainable forest management, the rest from legal sources according to the EUTR.
EPEA Cradle-To-Cradle wood "from sustainable management" is required, whereby the type of proof and the percentage could not be determined from the label website.
EU ecolabel (1) 70% share from sustainable sources for solid wood, (2) 40% for wood-based materials
FSC the proportion varies from any proportion in FSC mix and FSC controlled wood up to 100% in FSC pure
HOLZ VON HIER 100% Quantity of wood used in certified products must come from sustainable forestry, proven by an FM certificate from FSC, PEFC or equivalent.
NaturePlus Proof of the origin of the wood from sustainable forestry is required, the proportion is (unclear but) probably 100%.
Nordic Swan Proportions vary between >10%, >50% up to >70% depending on the product standard.
Ö-UZ 70% minimum share for wood energy, 50% for solid wood, floors, furniture, exterior wood. No information for insulation materials.
PEFC the minimum percentage of the total quantity processed is specified in the PEFC standard, the material must come from PEFC certified forests


Resource saving

The responsible use of resources is more important today than ever. We Europeans consume about twice as many resources as we have. The only resources that are renewable on a large scale in Europe are wood and straw.


Label aspect of resource conservation
Blauer Engel Of the 113 Blue Angel standards, 20 relate to the protection of resources, none in the area of construction and renovation and only 5 of 20 with paper products. Here the claim "Conserve resources" means the use of waste paper or recycled paper. Other resource aspects are not the focus of the "Blue Angel - Saving Resources".
EPEA The environmental label cradle to cradle (C2C) does not contain any specific criteria for the conservation of resources. However, the basic concept "elimination of waste (in theory) corresponds to the conservation of resources. The criterion of material recycling is to be seen in analogy to the principle of recycled paper at the Blue Angel. (Note: in practice, product cycles are generally far removed from the natural model of closed cycles).
EU ecolabel The EU Ecolabel has not developed any direct criteria for resource protection and is reduced to the sustainable extraction of wood and low energy consumption in production. The energy consumption in production is usually calculated.
FSC The central message of the FSC eco-label is the sustainable management of the forest to obtain the raw material wood. In addition to various social and environmental requirements, the focus of FSC is therefore on the conservation of wood as a resource by means of management that is intended to ensure its use for future generations.
HOLZ VON HIER HOLZ VON HIER is characterized by renewable raw materials from sustainably managed forests. The transports in the processing chain and to the customer are above average short and therefore also save resources.
NaturePlus NaturePlus demands a "preferably high" proportion of renewable raw materials in the product and a minimisation of energy consumption.
Nordic Swan The Nordic Swan addresses resource conservation rather indirectly. In general, at least 50% of the materials should be renewable and, in the case of wood, at least 30% should come from sustainably managed forests. Energy consumption in production must not exceed a certain value and high-calorific production waste should be returned to the energy cycle.
Ö-UZ The Austrian Ecolabel has not defined any specific criteria for the conservation of resources. The award criteria for furniture are defined as regulations for raw materials, which primarily concern the avoidance of ingredients that are hazardous to health, as well as environmentally friendly production, durability and waste reduction, and packaging aspects.
PEFC The central message of the PEFC eco-label is the sustainable management of the forest for the extraction of the raw material wood. In addition to various requirements, the focus is on the conservation of wood as a resource by means of a management system that is intended to safeguard this use for future generations.


climate protection

There are different starting points for climate protection measures in the life cycle phases, either in the upstream production chains (LC Phase A1,A2, A3, A4) or in the use phase (B) of the product.

Climate-friendly short distances and the associated environmental impact of the entire processing chain "cradle-to-gate" (A2) as well as from the production site to the place of use or application "gate-to-customer" (A4) are covered by the eco-label WOOD FROM HERE. In today's international markets, emissions from such transport routes can easily reach many times the total emissions from the manufacture of the product, even for wood products. The ecolabel HOLZ VON HIER is unique in this respect, as it records and evaluates all flows of goods right through to the end use location. The Hvh environmental footprint records classic environmental parameters (e.g. GWP, AP, EP, etc.) for each product in real time. (B) Construction products are 'inert' from an energy point of view in the use phase, i.e. no product-related emissions are produced in this life cycle phase. (C/D) Climate-efficient disposal or re-use is also essentially a question of materials. PVC, for example, has considerably lower recycling rates than waste wood, for example. However, the emissions and energy expenditure associated with processing also play an important role here.


Label pre chains usage phase
Blauer Engel - Climate protection effects in "red energy" through lower energy consumption of electrical appliances and lamps compared to the average
EPEA - Climate protection effects in "red energy" through lower energy consumption of electrical appliances and lamps compared to the average
EU ecolabel - Climate protection effects in "red energy" through lower energy consumption of electrical appliances and lamps compared to the average
FSC - -
HOLZ VON HIER Climate protection effects due to short distances cradle-to-gate and gate-to-customer in the "grey energy" of the prekets Note: Wood building materials are inert in the use phase (do not consume energy themselves)
NaturePlus - -
Nordic Swan - Climate protection effects in "red energy" through lower energy consumption of electrical appliances and lamps compared to the average
Ö-UZ - Climate protection effects in "red energy" through lower energy consumption of electrical appliances and lamps compared to the average
PEFC - -


Biodiversity

The IUCN international Red List classifies species as endangered and includes, for example, considerably more tree species than the CITES Convention.

"By promoting the demand for a wide range of timber species from regional indigenous forestry, incentives are created for local farmers to preserve and promote the diversity of tree species in their forests, which in turn forms the basis for a high diversity of accompanying animal and plant species" (HVH).

In its transfer of information, HOLZ VON HIER shows that global transport has a significant impact on the risk of biodiversity loss. Depending on its origin, more species are endangered by transport than by the extraction of the raw material itself. By minimizing the transports, especially over long distances and from other countries or continents, HOLZ VON HIER contributes to the protection of biodiversity.


Table Biodiversity

Label Biodiversity
Blauer Engel no criteria
EPEA no criteria
EU ecolabel no criteria
FSC no direct criteria (Selection of tree species appropriate to the location). But indirectly protecting biodiversity through protection from overexploitation.
HOLZ VON HIER No use of wood from internationally endangered tree species according to the IUCN International Red List. Indirect promotion of biodiversity in native forests.
NaturePlus No use of wood from CITES species.
Nordic Swan no criteria
Ö-UZ no criteria
PEFC no direct criteria (Selection of tree species appropriate to the location). But indirectly protecting biodiversity through protection from overexploitation.


Period of validity of the standards

The validity period of standards also plays a role in assessing the environmental impact of eco-labels. Products or companies are usually certified for a certain period of time, i.e. the label can be awarded to all corresponding products manufactured within this period. The longer this period of time, the further the requirements set may lag behind current technical developments. This can be observed especially with labels for electrical appliances.


Label Number of standards or public procurement directives Period of validity of the standard, standard revision Validity of the certificate, audit frequency
Blauer Engel 113 total thereof 3 timber products thereof 5 paper 2 to 12 years 1 time in the validity period Standard
EPEA 1 2 1 time in the validity period Standard
EU ecolabel comparable to Blue Angel validity unlimited until change of standard 1 time in validity period standard
FSC FSC-FM country specific, FSC mix, FSC controlled wood, FSC 100%, FSC recycling 5 years
HOLZ VON HIER 1 5 years Real-time and individual product-related.
NaturePlus  ? 3 years 1 time in the standard validity period
Nordic Swan  ? 3-5 years 1 time in the standard validity period
Ö-UZ  ? 4 years 1 time in the standard validity period
PEFC similar to FSC 5 years annual


Product group relevance

Not every label is relevant for all product groups in the construction, renovation and housing sector. Most of the eco-labels have a focus here. This is particularly important if eco-labels are generally broadly based across different product groups, such as the Blue Angel. In addition, there are sometimes award criteria for certain product groups without there already being specific certified products in the area. The following table provides an overview of the product groups concerned and the number of existing products, insofar as these could be identified from the relevant websites.


Label Number of products in general including products made of wood or paper
Blauer Engel >14000 67 wooden furniture (mainly chipboard),

8-9 wood-based panels, 11 panels (from Europe, Russia, Taiwan, Shanghai, Turkey, Africa, Japan), 6 frame products from one manufacturer (no doors and windows, 2 pellet manufacturers, 80 copy papers, 509 paper products in general, 528 recycled paper, 299 cardboard, 56 newsprint

EPEA 490 14 wood products, 6 paper products
EU ecolabel 774 no wood products, 63 paper products
FSC unknown various wood and paper products
HOLZ VON HIER several hundred different wood products, paper, objects
NaturePlus 641 94 NaWaRo insulation materials, 14 floors
Nordic Swan 2,587 buildings 130 small wooden buildings
Ö-UZ 438 approx. 43 wood products, 15 paper products
PEFC unknown various wood and paper products
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